<Things you should know> Correct knowledge about "keratosis" (2) Explanation of prevention and treatment methods for "keratosis" Methods to prevent keratosis Treatment for keratosis Keratosis is a condition in which the skin thickens and hardens. The causes vary, from congenital to acquired, and the treatment differs depending on the symptoms. Is it possible to prevent keratosis? And if you notice symptoms, how should you deal with them? We'll explain in detail, supervised by a dermatologist. Methods to prevent keratosis Is it possible to prevent keratosis? First, let's discuss methods for preventing keratosis. Take precautions against UV rays. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays disrupts skin cell turnover and can easily clog pores. In some cases, UV exposure can even cause abnormal cells to develop. Therefore, it's important to consistently and thoroughly protect your skin from UV rays. Sunburn also severely dries out the skin, so don't forget to moisturize after sun exposure. Moisturize To prevent dehydration in the stratum corneum, make sure to apply cream to replenish moisture and oil. It is recommended to choose creams that contain urea, which softens the skin and replenishes moisture and oil, and vitamin E, which promotes blood circulation. After moisturizing with cream, applying a pack with plastic wrap or warming the area with a steamed towel will help the cream penetrate the skin more easily, further enhancing its moisturizing effect.After bathing, the skin tends to dry out easily, so it's important to moisturize quickly. If dryness is severe, applying petroleum jelly, which can be used regardless of skin type, immediately after getting out of the bath before drying your body will enhance its moisturizing effect. During seasons when the air is dry, the moisture content of the skin decreases and it becomes more prone to keratinization, so it's a good idea to use a humidifier as well. Regular lifestyle A diet consisting mainly of eating out or convenience store meals can lead to excessive intake of sugar, salt, and fat. When the digestive system is damaged, it becomes difficult for the body to absorb nutrients, and waste products tend to accumulate. In addition, stress and lack of exercise can also disrupt skin cell turnover. It is important to maintain a balanced diet that does not burden the digestive system and to strive for a regular lifestyle. Treatment for keratosis What should you do if you develop keratosis? This article will explain how to treat keratosis. lichen planus Seek a doctor's diagnosis and receive appropriate treatment. The basic treatment involves eliminating the cause and aggravating factors, and topical corticosteroid therapy. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be used for pain, and oral antihistamines for itching.It is also important to remove the suspected cause of the illness. For example, if hepatitis C virus is suspected as the cause, the use of antiviral drugs should be considered. If a metal allergy is suspected as the cause, the removal of metals such as dental fillings should be considered. If a medication is suspected as the cause, the offending medication should be discontinued or changed. plaque psoriasis Seek a doctor's diagnosis and receive appropriate treatment. Depending on your symptoms, treatment may include medication or ultraviolet light therapy. ■ Drug therapy Treatment typically begins with topical medications (ointments), such as topical steroids or activated vitamin D3. Oral medications such as vitamin A derivatives and immunosuppressants may also be used. ■ Ultraviolet therapy This treatment is performed in conjunction with topical therapy. Ultraviolet light has an effect of suppressing the immune system, and this treatment method utilizes that property. A lamp that emits ultraviolet light is irradiated onto the whole body or the skin lesions, depending on the symptoms. ■ Biological products In severe cases, biological agents may be used. Biological agents are drugs made from proteins that weaken the function of "cytokines," which are involved in the body's immune function. They are administered by subcutaneous injection or intravenous infusion, and treatment can only be received at hospitals designated by the Japanese Dermatological Association. Palmoplantar keratoderma Since it can sometimes be accompanied by complications such as periodontal disease or cardiomyopathy affecting other organs, it is essential to consult a dermatologist. Seek a doctor's diagnosis and receive appropriate treatment.Congenital palmoplantar keratoderma often worsens gradually with age, and spontaneous recovery is unlikely. On the other hand, acquired palmoplantar keratoderma can be improved by removing the cause or treating the underlying disease. Topical medications (such as salicylic acid petrolatum, urea, active vitamin D3, and heparinoid) are used for treatment. sweat hole keratosis Since it is difficult for it to heal naturally and progresses chronically, you should seek a doctor's diagnosis and receive appropriate treatment. ■ Surgical excision Surgical excision is performed when the lesion is localized. In addition to excision, cryotherapy using liquid nitrogen or treatment with a carbon dioxide laser may also be used. ■ Drug-based treatments This treatment is often chosen when symptoms are widespread. Topical medications such as salicylic acid petrolatum, urea ointment, and activated vitamin D3 ointment are primarily used, while oral retinoids are also employed. In cases where the condition progresses to skin cancer, surgical treatment is necessary. keratosis pilaris When treating calluses at home with over-the-counter medications, creams containing urea, which soften and remove thickened calluses and have moisturizing effects, are considered effective and are available over-the-counter without a prescription. Be careful not to rub or squeeze the calluses too hard, as this can allow bacteria to enter, causing inflammation and discoloration. Also, since dry skin can worsen keratinization, moisturizing care is important.This condition often disappears with age, but if it bothers you or worsens, you should see a dermatologist for appropriate treatment. Dermatologists typically prescribe salicylic acid petrolatum ointment, creams or ointments containing urea, or creams containing heparinoid. Supervised by: Dr. Akiko Suzuki, Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University HospitalAfter graduating from Teikyo University School of Medicine, she worked in the dermatology department at the same university and Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital before assuming her current position in 2015. She is a certified specialist of the Japanese Dermatological Association. We take care to post accurate information,Please point out any incorrect information. Please submit any comments regarding medical information here. Return to the list of guides categorized by health symptoms.